Radiology - Questions & Answers
The primary contraindication for radiological examinations is pregnancy, due to the sensitivity of the developing fetus to X-ray radiation. In exceptional situations, when postponing the examination until after delivery is not possible, dental x-rays can be performed in a way that provides maximum protection for the fetus from radiation exposure.
A panoramic photo (pantomogram) is a fairly universal image, covering the teeth of the jaw, both jaws and part of the sinuses. It is an indication at the beginning of dental treatment, especially after a long break in dental visits. A cephalometric photo is indicated and helpful in the diagnosis of malocclusion, especially in orthodontic treatment. Each time the dentist assesses individually what type of photo is needed for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Due to the ability to visualize anatomical structures in cross-section, in three dimensions, a computed tomography scan (CBCT) is definitely more useful to the doctor. It is less and less justified to take only a pantomogram, which is a review photo, not very accurate, informing only about large abnormalities, because only such are visible on it. For example, having a pantomogram at our disposal, we can, for example, answer the question of which teeth were root canal treated. Having a CBCT, we will additionally determine whether they have been properly treated or whether they require repeated endodontic treatment. Based on the pantomogram, we will determine if there are potential conditions for an implant. Using the CBCT, we will also assess what length and diameter of the implant should be used and how precisely to position it in the bone. The only advantage of a pantomogram is the lower radiation dose, which is about 10 microsieverts, while with CBCT it is about 45 microsieverts. At the same time, it should be noted that the first detectable clinical effects on the human body occur at a radiation dose of about 250000 microsiverts, which is more than 5500 times higher than that received during a CBCT examination.
Radiographs are non-invasive examinations, but nevertheless burden the patient with a minimal dose of ionizing radiation. The radiation dose for a pantomogram is about 10 microsieverts, while for a CBCT it is about 45 microsieverts. By comparison, the dose of cosmic radiation received by a passenger on a plane flight from Paris to Tokyo is 138 microsiverts. In contrast, the first detectable clinical effects on the human body occur at a radiation dose of 250000 microsiverts, which is more than 5500 times that received during a CBCT examination.
We always strive to minimize the body's exposure to radiation through special shielding. The state-of-the-art equipment we use in our clinic for imaging also serves this purpose.
The validity of any radiological examination is a relative issue and is subject to individual evaluation. If there have been no significant changes in the oral cavity then an old photo may be sufficient. But if a tooth has been extracted, implanted or endodontically treated since the last radiograph, for example, a new radiograph showing the current state of the teeth will probably be necessary. Only a current photo is able to show the disease processes currently going on, which may not give any symptoms.
Of course, at the patient's request, we issue a copy of the photo recorded on a CD at any time, and there is no additional cost involved.
